New York

Home/New York New York State-to-state migration of people and income, 2022–2023 filing years At a glance (2023) Cost of living 108 8% above the U.S. average Median home value $403,000 national $303,400 Home prices, 5 years +43.2% over the 5 years to 2023 Monthly rent $1,576 national $1,348 Homeownership 54% national 65% Unemployment 4.0% national 3.6% Household income $84,578 national $78,538 Median age 39.6 yrs national 38.7 The cost of living runs about 8% above the national average. The median home is valued at $403,000 (nominal). Home prices have risen about 43% over the five years to 2023. Median rent is about $1,576 a month. Unemployment averaged 4.0% in 2023 (national 3.6%). Median household income is $84,578. These figures describe all residents, not just tax filers, come from separate sources than the migration data on this page, and do not indicate why anyone moved. Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, New York saw a net loss of 75,987 tax-filing households and a net loss of 164,112 individuals. Against a population of about 19,571,216, that is a net outflow of about 8.4 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area lost $10.6B in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars). The largest inflow, about 26,793 households, came from New Jersey; the largest outflow, about 43,699 households, went to New Jersey. In the prior (2022) filing year, the area saw a net loss of 224,781 individuals. These figures cover federal income tax filers only and do not indicate why people moved. Net income (AGI) $10.6B nominal dollars Net households 75,987 tax returns Net people 164,112 exemptions 8.4 net people per 1,000 residents (population 19,571,216) Income (AGI) in and out Moved in$18.6B Moved out$29.2B Net -$10.6B (nominal) HowAmericaMoves.com New York counties Net migration by county. Hover for figures; click a county to open it. Net outNet in(AGI $) Hover an area to trace its top 5 inbound (in) and outbound (out) moves. Net income (AGI) that moved in minus out, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation).Net tax returns (filing households) that moved in minus out.Net people per 1,000 residents, so larger and smaller areas compare fairly. Hover an area to trace its top moves HowAmericaMoves.com Top origin states 1New Jersey26,793$3B2Florida22,011$2B3California20,595$2.8B4Pennsylvania14,412$1.1B5Massachusetts11,027$1.1B6Connecticut10,486$1.2B7Texas9,433$930.3M8North Carolina6,906$436.7M9Virginia6,504$520.8M10Georgia5,842$401.8M HowAmericaMoves.com Top destination states 1New Jersey43,699$5.1B2Florida43,187$5.8B3Pennsylvania20,643$1.5B4California18,440$2.8B5Connecticut15,535$2.4B6North Carolina13,811$1.1B7Texas12,961$1.2B8Massachusetts10,479$1B9Georgia9,138$611.6M10Virginia8,124$647.3M HowAmericaMoves.com Churn by state both directions at once The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 2022–2023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference. Click a column to sort. New Jersey 26,793 43,699 -16,906 -$2.1B Florida 22,011 43,187 -21,176 -$3.8B California 20,595 18,440 +2,155 -$7.5M Pennsylvania 14,412 20,643 -6,231 -$379.8M Connecticut 10,486 15,535 -5,049 -$1.2B Texas 9,433 12,961 -3,528 -$235.8M Massachusetts 11,027 10,479 +548 +$15.8M North Carolina 6,906 13,811 -6,905 -$618M Georgia 5,842 9,138 -3,296 -$209.9M Virginia 6,504 8,124 -1,620 -$126.5M Maryland 4,990 5,840 -850 -$43.4M South Carolina 3,037 7,266 -4,229 -$514.3M Counts are filing households (IRS returns), matching the lists above; income is nominal AGI. A dash means the IRS published only one direction of that exchange (small flows are suppressed), so no net is computed. HowAmericaMoves.com Net migration by year Net 2012–2023: -$126.6B (-2,043,734 people) 20122023 HowAmericaMoves.com Net AGI and net people by year (nominal dollars) Year Net AGI Net people 2012 -$3.8B -99,083 2013 -$5.7B -114,929 2014 -$5.5B -128,242 2015 -$4.5B -94,169 2016 -$8.8B -167,601 2017 -$11.2B -226,764 2018 -$9.6B -159,480 2019 -$8.8B -153,970 2020 -$19.5B -248,387 2021 -$24.5B -262,216 2022 -$14.2B -224,781 2023 -$10.6B -164,112 Migration in context How big is this move, relative to the state? In the 2022–2023 filing year, about 164,112 more people left New York than moved in (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net loss of about $10.6B in income (nominal) — in a state of 19,786,543 people. Population 19,786,543 Census 2023 estimate Net migration rate 8.3 net people per 1,000 residents A Town Of 10,000 Would Net About -83 People. Net income per resident −$534 nominal dollars ≈ -$10.6B total across 19,786,543 residents. The rate lets you compare New York with a stateof any size: it’s the net flow divided by population. The IRS counts tax filers; population counts all residents, so read the rate as a scale indicator, not a literal share of people. HowAmericaMoves.com Components of population change 2023 (Census) Where the state’s overall change came from. Census counts all residents; the IRS migration above is one slice of the domestic-migration component. Births +205,879 Deaths 166,689 Net domestic migration 177,852 Net international migration +211,383 Total change +73,518 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program. Figures are people, not tax filers. HowAmericaMoves.com Income & cost of living What a dollar is worth here Prices around New York run about 8% above the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $93 buys in the average American community. The figures below apply that to income, each compared to the U.S. average of $70,002 per person. Income per person $81,932 what people here earn (BEA 2023, nominal) 17% above the U.S. average Price level 107.8 100 = U.S. average prices (BEA price parity) everyday costs about 7.8% higher than average What that income buys $75,974 local income restated at U.S.-average prices 9% above the U.S. average Cheaper than U.S. avgU.S. average (100)Pricier Price parity shown at the state level (BEA does not publish a single figure below the metro level). HowAmericaMoves.com Where the cost comes from price parity by category Index where 100 = U.S. average for that category. Housing is usually what separates one place from another. Housing & rents122.0 Goods105.1 Utilities135.4 Other services104.9 Housing is measured from rents (including an estimated rental value for owner-occupied homes), so a run-up in purchase prices shows here only as it reaches rents. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer income above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who lives here The people of New York American Community Survey, 2019–2023 (a 5-year average of all residents, not just tax filers). Median age 39.6 years Median household income $84,578 per household (ACS 2019–2023, nominal) 8% above the U.S. median College degree 40% adults 25+ with a bachelor's or higher Poverty rate 13.7% residents below the poverty line Average commute 33 min mean travel time to work Broadband at home 90% households with any broadband Race and ethnicity (share of residents) White 53%Hispanic 20%Black 14%Asian 9%Other 5% White, Black, and Asian counts are people who are not Hispanic or Latino; Hispanic or Latino can be of any race. Shares are rounded and may not total 100. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer data. A 5-year estimate is an average over 2019–2023; compare years at least five apart, since consecutive windows overlap. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Housing what it costs to live here (ACS 2019–2023) Median home value $403,000 owner-occupied homes 33% above the U.S. median Median rent $1,576 gross rent per month 17% above the U.S. median Homeownership 54% of occupied homes are owner-occupied Home-price appreciation FHFA index, 2023 Past year +8.3% price change, 2022 to 2023 Past 5 years +43% price change, 2018 to 2023 A repeat-sales index (how much the same homes changed in price), so it tracks the market over time rather than the current level. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual all-transactions HPI; the county series is FHFA’s developmental index. New home construction building permits, 2023 48,807new housing units authorized in 2023 Single-family 20%Multifamily 80% Units authorized by residential building permits (new supply), summed from counties for the state and U.S. Permits are authorizations, not completions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey. Home value is what owners estimate their homes are worth, not recent sale prices. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2019–2023), nominal dollars. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Local economy & risk Jobs and natural hazards Unemployment rate 4.0% BLS 2023 annual average Labor force 9,849,925 9,452,487 employed Disaster declarations 2 major federal, 2023 most common: Severe Storm Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and FEMA. A disaster declaration marks federal assistance eligibility, not damage severity, and says nothing about why anyone moved. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Unemployment now 4.2% May 2026 ▲ 0.4 points vs May 2025 January 2024May 2026 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Monthly unemployment for this state, not seasonally adjusted. Updated every month, so it moves faster than the annual average above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who’s moving by income Net migration by income bracket Tax-filing households that moved into New York minus those that left, by the adjusted gross income they reported, 2022–2023. Positive means more arrived than left at that income level. $1–$10k 5,007 In 16,909Out 21,916-$25.5M AGI $10k–$25k 12,964 In 34,017Out 46,981-$230.6M AGI $25k–$50k 17,338 In 44,154Out 61,492-$624.1M AGI $50k–$75k 8,908 In 30,811Out 39,719-$546.9M AGI $75k–$100k 6,857 In 19,930Out 26,787-$596.4M AGI $100k–$200k 12,910 In 31,469Out 44,379-$1.8B AGI $200k+ 10,498 In 17,233Out 27,731-$6.8B AGI Among the highest earners ($200k+), New York ranks #50 of 51 states for net household migration (-10,498). Source: IRS Statistics of Income, state-level gross migration file (returns with negative AGI are excluded, so this won’t exactly match the totals above). Income is what filers reported, not a reason anyone moved. Compare all states by income bracket. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Goods trade What New York ships and receives Physical goods shipped between New York and other states, 2022. This is freight, not the migration of people or income shown above. $334.3B Ships to other states +8% since 2017 $432.8B Receives from states +4% since 2017 $98.4B Net balance Top goods shipped out Pharmaceutical products $70.0B Electronic and other electrical equipment and components, and office equipment $67.4B Miscellaneous manufactured products $57.7B Mixed freight $50.1B Other prepared foodstuffs and fats and oils $34.8B Machinery $29.2B Top goods received Mixed freight $81.7B Electronic and other electrical equipment and components, and office equipment $62.9B Motorized and other vehicles (includes parts) $42.0B Miscellaneous manufactured products $36.5B Textiles, leather, and articles of textiles or leather $36.0B Machinery $32.1B Biggest trading partners (both ways) Goods trade runs in both directions: states swap different goods, so a partner is often near the top of both columns. Net is ships minus receives (positive means New York ships more to that partner than it gets back). Partner Ships to Receives Net Total New Jersey $47.8B $89.2B -$41.4B $137.0B Pennsylvania $34.7B $55.9B -$21.2B $90.7B California $24.7B $27.7B -$3.0B $52.5B Massachusetts $23.9B $16.1B +$7.8B $39.9B Texas $21.6B $15.7B +$5.9B $37.2B Ohio $13.7B $22.4B -$8.7B $36.1B Connecticut $13.2B $20.3B -$7.1B $33.5B Illinois $12.8B $15.7B -$3.0B $28.5B Goods shipped every five years by the Census Commodity Flow Survey (a sample, so figures are estimates and the smallest flows are withheld). Value is nominal. The totals and partner table above count trade between New York and other states; the goods lists count everything the state ships or receives, including within-state shipments. Compare all states. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Taxes the state collects What New York collects in taxes Total state taxes $125.5B FY 2023, nominal Per resident $6,341 total state taxes ÷ population Largest categories (share of total) Individual income tax$58.8B 47% Corporation net income tax$24.3B 19% General sales & gross receipts$19B 15% Other selective sales tax$7.5B 6% Documentary & stock transfer$3.3B 3% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Tax Collections. This is what the state government collected (not local taxes), not a measure of any individual’s tax burden. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Elections National maps → How New York has voted. Certified returns, popular vote only. This is a separate dataset from the migration figures on this page. President, 1976–2024 Year Democratic Republican Other Margin Total 2024 4,619,195 3,578,899 64,401 D +12.6 8,262,495 2020 5,230,985 3,244,798 185,952 D +22.9 8,661,735 2016 4,547,562 2,814,589 345,212 D +22.5 7,707,363 2012 4,324,228 2,223,397 514,300 D +29.7 7,061,925 2008 4,769,700 2,742,298 79,235 D +26.7 7,591,233 2004 4,180,755 2,806,993 403,288 D +18.6 7,391,036 2000 4,107,697 2,403,374 310,928 D +25.0 6,821,999 1996 3,649,630 1,738,707 1,050,792 D +29.7 6,439,129 1992 3,346,894 2,041,690 1,690,848 D +18.4 7,079,432 1988 3,255,487 2,838,414 391,782 D +6.4 6,485,683 1984 3,001,285 3,376,519 429,006 R +5.5 6,806,810 1980 2,728,372 2,637,700 835,887 D +1.5 6,201,959 1976 3,244,165 2,825,913 598,184 D +6.3 6,668,262 U.S. Senate races all states → Year Winner Democratic Republican Other Margin 2024 Kirsten E. Gillibrand 4,711,669 3,246,690 423,038 D +17.5 2022 Charles E. Schumer 3,320,561 2,501,151 26,844 D +14.0 2018 Kirsten E. Gillibrand 4,056,931 1,998,220 — D +34.0 2016 Charles E. Schumer 5,221,949 2,009,353 569,423 D +41.2 2012 Kirsten E. Gillibrand 4,808,878 1,755,466 552,284 D +42.9 2010special Kirsten E. Gillibrand 2,837,684 1,582,693 337,258 D +26.4 2010 Charles E. Schumer 3,047,880 1,480,423 235,596 D +32.9 2006 Hillary Rodham Clinton 3,008,428 1,392,189 300,015 D +34.4 2004 Charles E. Schumer 4,769,824 1,625,069 1,052,925 D +42.2 2000 Hillary Rodham Clinton 3,747,310 2,915,730 296,622 D +11.9 U.S. House seats won district maps → 2024 D 19 R 7 2022 D 15 R 11 2020 D 19 R 8 2018 D 21 R 6 2016 D 18 R 9 2014 D 18 R 9 2012 D 21 R 6 2010 D 21 R 8 2008 D 26 R 3 2006 D 23 R 6 2004 D 20 R 9 2002 D 19 R 10 2000 D 19 R 12 2024 results by county Republican wonDemocratic wonIndependent / other Which party received the most votes, as a solid color.Winning margin as a share of all votes cast.Change in margin since 2020, in percentage points.Total votes cast, all candidates. HowAmericaMoves.com Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab county returns (CC0). Margins are the popular-vote gap as a share of all votes cast. Counties in New York (62) Albany CountyAllegany CountyBronx CountyBroome CountyCattaraugus CountyCayuga CountyChautauqua CountyChemung CountyChenango CountyClinton CountyColumbia CountyCortland CountyDelaware CountyDutchess CountyErie CountyEssex CountyFranklin CountyFulton CountyGenesee CountyGreene CountyHamilton CountyHerkimer CountyJefferson CountyKings CountyLewis CountyLivingston CountyMadison CountyMonroe CountyMontgomery CountyNassau CountyNew York CountyNiagara CountyOneida CountyOnondaga CountyOntario CountyOrange CountyOrleans CountyOswego CountyOtsego CountyPutnam CountyQueens CountyRensselaer CountyRichmond CountyRockland CountySaratoga CountySchenectady CountySchoharie CountySchuyler CountySeneca CountySt. Lawrence CountySteuben CountySuffolk CountySullivan CountyTioga CountyTompkins CountyUlster CountyWarren CountyWashington CountyWayne CountyWestchester CountyWyoming CountyYates County Get the next update for New York The IRS releases new migration data once a year. 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