Maine

Home/Maine Maine State-to-state migration of people and income, 2022–2023 filing years At a glance (2023) Cost of living 98 2% below the U.S. average Median home value $266,400 national $303,400 Home prices, 5 years +66.3% over the 5 years to 2023 Monthly rent $1,084 national $1,348 Homeownership 74% national 65% Unemployment 2.6% national 3.6% Household income $71,773 national $78,538 Median age 44.8 yrs national 38.7 The cost of living runs about 2% below the national average. The median home is valued at $266,400 (nominal). Home prices have risen about 66% over the five years to 2023. Median rent is about $1,084 a month. Unemployment averaged 2.6% in 2023 (national 3.6%). Median household income is $71,773. These figures describe all residents, not just tax filers, come from separate sources than the migration data on this page, and do not indicate why anyone moved. Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, Maine saw a net gain of 3,553 tax-filing households and a net gain of 6,390 individuals. Against a population of about 1,395,722, that is a net inflow of about 4.6 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area gained $493.5M in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars). The largest inflow, about 3,330 households, came from Massachusetts; the largest outflow, about 2,229 households, went to Massachusetts. In the prior (2022) filing year, the area saw a net gain of 9,008 individuals. These figures cover federal income tax filers only and do not indicate why people moved. Net income (AGI) +$493.5M nominal dollars Net households +3,553 tax returns Net people +6,390 exemptions +4.6 net people per 1,000 residents (population 1,395,722) Income (AGI) in and out Moved in$1.8B Moved out$1.3B Net +$493.5M (nominal) HowAmericaMoves.com Maine counties Net migration by county. Hover for figures; click a county to open it. Net outNet in(AGI $) Hover an area to trace its top 5 inbound (in) and outbound (out) moves. Net income (AGI) that moved in minus out, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation).Net tax returns (filing households) that moved in minus out.Net people per 1,000 residents, so larger and smaller areas compare fairly. Hover an area to trace its top moves HowAmericaMoves.com Top origin states 1Massachusetts3,330$378.1M2New Hampshire2,595$192.1M3Florida2,029$144.4M4New York1,375$127.6M5California937$90.4M6Connecticut796$74.3M7Texas767$67M8Pennsylvania616$52.6M9Virginia558$50.4M10North Carolina534$35.1M HowAmericaMoves.com Top destination states 1Massachusetts2,229$173.3M2Florida2,185$229.7M3New Hampshire1,972$129.5M4New York963$76.8M5North Carolina716$50.3M6California622$47.7M7Texas583$42.9M8Virginia547$44.9M9Connecticut476$34.8M10Pennsylvania470$29.4M HowAmericaMoves.com Churn by state both directions at once The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 2022–2023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference. Click a column to sort. Massachusetts 3,330 2,229 +1,101 +$204.7M New Hampshire 2,595 1,972 +623 +$62.6M Florida 2,029 2,185 -156 -$85.3M New York 1,375 963 +412 +$50.8M California 937 622 +315 +$42.7M Texas 767 583 +184 +$24.1M Connecticut 796 476 +320 +$39.5M North Carolina 534 716 -182 -$15.1M Virginia 558 547 +11 +$5.5M Pennsylvania 616 470 +146 +$23.2M Vermont 503 357 +146 +$12M Colorado 468 381 +87 +$18.2M Counts are filing households (IRS returns), matching the lists above; income is nominal AGI. A dash means the IRS published only one direction of that exchange (small flows are suppressed), so no net is computed. HowAmericaMoves.com Net migration by year Net 2012–2023: +$4.5B (+65,117 people) 20122023 HowAmericaMoves.com Net AGI and net people by year (nominal dollars) Year Net AGI Net people 2012 +$116M +496 2013 +$66.3M +1,205 2014 +$38.7M +1,428 2015 -$62M -1,164 2016 +$144.7M +2,864 2017 +$560.2M +9,799 2018 +$320.5M +5,960 2019 +$338.8M +5,415 2020 +$873M +11,352 2021 +$924.5M +12,364 2022 +$704.4M +9,008 2023 +$493.5M +6,390 Migration in context How big is this move, relative to the state? In the 2022–2023 filing year, about 6,390 more people moved into Maine than left (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net gain of about $493.5M in income (nominal) — in a state of 1,401,992 people. Population 1,401,992 Census 2023 estimate Net migration rate +4.6 net people per 1,000 residents A town of 10,000 would net about +46 people. Net income per resident +$352 nominal dollars ≈ +$493.5M total across 1,401,992 residents. The rate lets you compare Maine with a stateof any size: it’s the net flow divided by population. The IRS counts tax filers; population counts all residents, so read the rate as a scale indicator, not a literal share of people. HowAmericaMoves.com Components of population change 2023 (Census) Where the state’s overall change came from. Census counts all residents; the IRS migration above is one slice of the domestic-migration component. Births +11,925 Deaths 17,066 Net domestic migration +9,859 Net international migration +5,713 Total change +10,407 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program. Figures are people, not tax filers. HowAmericaMoves.com Income & cost of living What a dollar is worth here Prices around Maine run about 2% below the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $102 buys in the average American community. The figures below apply that to income, each compared to the U.S. average of $70,002 per person. Income per person $65,447 what people here earn (BEA 2023, nominal) 7% below the U.S. average Price level 98.0 100 = U.S. average prices (BEA price parity) everyday costs about 2.0% lower than average What that income buys $66,807 local income restated at U.S.-average prices 5% below the U.S. average Cheaper than U.S. avgU.S. average (100)Pricier Price parity shown at the state level (BEA does not publish a single figure below the metro level). HowAmericaMoves.com Where the cost comes from price parity by category Index where 100 = U.S. average for that category. Housing is usually what separates one place from another. Housing & rents80.4 Goods98.3 Utilities148.2 Other services103.3 Housing is measured from rents (including an estimated rental value for owner-occupied homes), so a run-up in purchase prices shows here only as it reaches rents. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer income above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who lives here The people of Maine American Community Survey, 2019–2023 (a 5-year average of all residents, not just tax filers). Median age 44.8 years Median household income $71,773 per household (ACS 2019–2023, nominal) 9% below the U.S. median College degree 35% adults 25+ with a bachelor's or higher Poverty rate 10.8% residents below the poverty line Average commute 24 min mean travel time to work Broadband at home 89% households with any broadband Race and ethnicity (share of residents) White 91%Hispanic 2%Black 2%Asian 1%Other 5% White, Black, and Asian counts are people who are not Hispanic or Latino; Hispanic or Latino can be of any race. Shares are rounded and may not total 100. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer data. A 5-year estimate is an average over 2019–2023; compare years at least five apart, since consecutive windows overlap. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Housing what it costs to live here (ACS 2019–2023) Median home value $266,400 owner-occupied homes 12% below the U.S. median Median rent $1,084 gross rent per month 20% below the U.S. median Homeownership 74% of occupied homes are owner-occupied Home-price appreciation FHFA index, 2023 Past year +11.6% price change, 2022 to 2023 Past 5 years +66% price change, 2018 to 2023 A repeat-sales index (how much the same homes changed in price), so it tracks the market over time rather than the current level. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual all-transactions HPI; the county series is FHFA’s developmental index. New home construction building permits, 2023 6,183new housing units authorized in 2023 Single-family 73%Multifamily 27% Units authorized by residential building permits (new supply), summed from counties for the state and U.S. Permits are authorizations, not completions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey. Home value is what owners estimate their homes are worth, not recent sale prices. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2019–2023), nominal dollars. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Local economy & risk Jobs and natural hazards Unemployment rate 2.6% BLS 2023 annual average Labor force 694,353 675,978 employed Disaster declarations 4 major federal, 2023 most common: Flood Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and FEMA. A disaster declaration marks federal assistance eligibility, not damage severity, and says nothing about why anyone moved. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Unemployment now 3.1% May 2026 ▼ 0.2 points vs May 2025 January 2024May 2026 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Monthly unemployment for this state, not seasonally adjusted. Updated every month, so it moves faster than the annual average above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who’s moving by income Net migration by income bracket Tax-filing households that moved into Maine minus those that left, by the adjusted gross income they reported, 2022–2023. Positive means more arrived than left at that income level. $1–$10k +158 In 1,738Out 1,580+$325K AGI $10k–$25k +328 In 3,404Out 3,076+$5.8M AGI $25k–$50k +333 In 5,055Out 4,722+$13.7M AGI $50k–$75k +443 In 3,211Out 2,768+$28.1M AGI $75k–$100k +507 In 1,973Out 1,466+$43.5M AGI $100k–$200k +1,068 In 3,229Out 2,161+$150.6M AGI $200k+ +667 In 1,682Out 1,015+$251.8M AGI Among the highest earners ($200k+), Maine ranks #12 of 51 states for net household migration (+667). Source: IRS Statistics of Income, state-level gross migration file (returns with negative AGI are excluded, so this won’t exactly match the totals above). Income is what filers reported, not a reason anyone moved. Compare all states by income bracket. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Goods trade What Maine ships and receives Physical goods shipped between Maine and other states, 2022. This is freight, not the migration of people or income shown above. $27.5B Ships to other states +33% since 2017 $48.1B Receives from states +55% since 2017 $20.7B Net balance Top goods shipped out Mixed freight $6.5B Gasoline and aviation turbine fuel $4.0B Fuel oils $3.3B Pulp, newsprint, paper, and paperboard $3.1B Meat, poultry, fish, seafood, and their preparations $3.0B Pharmaceutical products $2.9B Top goods received Mixed freight $4.4B Gasoline and aviation turbine fuel $3.6B Fuel oils $3.2B Motorized and other vehicles (includes parts) $2.7B Meat, poultry, fish, seafood, and their preparations $2.6B Electronic and other electrical equipment and components, and office equipment $2.2B Biggest trading partners (both ways) Goods trade runs in both directions: states swap different goods, so a partner is often near the top of both columns. Net is ships minus receives (positive means Maine ships more to that partner than it gets back). Partner Ships to Receives Net Total Massachusetts $4.9B $18.6B -$13.7B $23.5B New York $2.8B $3.4B -$622M $6.1B New Hampshire $3.2B $2.2B +$1.0B $5.4B Pennsylvania $1.1B $2.7B -$1.6B $3.9B New Jersey $686M $2.2B -$1.5B $2.9B California $1.3B $1.2B +$116M $2.5B Connecticut $1.0B $1.4B -$397M $2.5B Illinois $434M $1.7B -$1.3B $2.1B Goods shipped every five years by the Census Commodity Flow Survey (a sample, so figures are estimates and the smallest flows are withheld). Value is nominal. The totals and partner table above count trade between Maine and other states; the goods lists count everything the state ships or receives, including within-state shipments. Compare all states. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Taxes the state collects What Maine collects in taxes Total state taxes $6.5B FY 2023, nominal Per resident $4,619 total state taxes ÷ population Largest categories (share of total) Individual income tax$2.5B 38% General sales & gross receipts$2.3B 35% Corporation net income tax$451.2M 7% Motor fuels sales tax$246.7M 4% Other selective sales tax$202.2M 3% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Tax Collections. This is what the state government collected (not local taxes), not a measure of any individual’s tax burden. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Elections National maps → How Maine has voted. Certified returns, popular vote only. This is a separate dataset from the migration figures on this page. President, 1976–2024 Year Democratic Republican Other Margin Total 2024 430,342 376,991 17,473 D +6.5 824,806 2020 430,473 359,899 32,162 D +8.6 822,534 2016 357,735 335,593 54,599 D +3.0 747,927 2012 401,306 292,276 19,598 D +15.3 713,180 2008 421,923 295,273 13,967 D +17.3 731,163 2004 364,153 308,997 13,360 D +8.0 686,510 2000 319,951 286,616 45,250 D +5.1 651,817 1996 312,788 186,378 106,731 D +20.9 605,897 1992 263,420 206,504 209,575 D +8.4 679,499 1988 243,569 307,131 4,335 R +11.5 555,035 1984 214,515 336,500 2,129 R +22.1 553,144 1980 220,974 238,522 63,515 R +3.4 523,011 1976 232,279 236,320 14,369 R +0.8 482,968 U.S. Senate races all states → Year Winner Democratic Republican Other Margin 2024 Angus S. King Jr. 88,875 284,434 469,138 R +23.2 2020 Susan Margaret Collins 347,223 417,645 63,209 R +8.5 2018 Angus S. King, Jr. 66,268 223,502 344,639 R +24.8 2014 Susan M. Collins 190,254 413,505 13,237 R +36.2 2012 Angus King 92,900 215,399 416,421 R +16.9 2008 Susan M. Collins 279,510 444,300 620 R +22.7 2006 Olympia J. Snowe 113,131 405,596 26,401 R +53.7 2002 Susan M. Collins 209,858 295,041 — R +16.9 2000 Olympia J. Snowe 197,183 437,689 — R +37.9 U.S. House seats won district maps → 2024 D 2 R 0 2022 D 1 R 0 O 1 2020 D 2 R 0 2018 D 2 R 0 2016 D 1 R 1 2014 D 1 R 1 2012 D 2 R 0 2010 D 2 R 0 2008 D 2 R 0 2006 D 2 R 0 2004 D 2 R 0 2002 D 2 R 0 2000 D 2 R 0 2024 results by county Republican wonDemocratic wonIndependent / other Which party received the most votes, as a solid color.Winning margin as a share of all votes cast.Change in margin since 2020, in percentage points.Total votes cast, all candidates. HowAmericaMoves.com Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab county returns (CC0). Margins are the popular-vote gap as a share of all votes cast. Counties in Maine (16) Androscoggin CountyAroostook CountyCumberland CountyFranklin CountyHancock CountyKennebec CountyKnox CountyLincoln CountyOxford CountyPenobscot CountyPiscataquis CountySagadahoc CountySomerset CountyWaldo CountyWashington CountyYork County Get the next update for Maine The IRS releases new migration data once a year. Drop your email and we will send the refreshed numbers when they land. No spam, unsubscribe anytime. Email address