New Mexico

Home/New Mexico New Mexico State-to-state migration of people and income, 2022–2023 filing years At a glance (2023) Cost of living 91 9% below the U.S. average Median home value $232,200 national $303,400 Home prices, 5 years +51.6% over the 5 years to 2023 Monthly rent $1,021 national $1,348 Homeownership 69% national 65% Unemployment 3.7% national 3.6% Household income $62,125 national $78,538 Median age 39.2 yrs national 38.7 The cost of living runs about 9% below the national average. The median home is valued at $232,200 (nominal). Home prices have risen about 52% over the five years to 2023. Median rent is about $1,021 a month. Unemployment averaged 3.7% in 2023 (national 3.6%). Median household income is $62,125. These figures describe all residents, not just tax filers, come from separate sources than the migration data on this page, and do not indicate why anyone moved. Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, New Mexico saw a net loss of 72 tax-filing households and a net loss of 1,508 individuals. Against a population of about 2,114,371, that is a net outflow of about 0.7 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area lost $85.5M in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars). The largest inflow, about 7,197 households, came from Texas; the largest outflow, about 7,469 households, went to Texas. In the prior (2022) filing year, the area saw a net loss of 1,128 individuals. These figures cover federal income tax filers only and do not indicate why people moved. Net income (AGI) $85.5M nominal dollars Net households 72 tax returns Net people 1,508 exemptions 0.7 net people per 1,000 residents (population 2,114,371) Income (AGI) in and out Moved in$2.1B Moved out$2.2B Net -$85.5M (nominal) HowAmericaMoves.com New Mexico counties Net migration by county. Hover for figures; click a county to open it. Net outNet in(AGI $) Hover an area to trace its top 5 inbound (in) and outbound (out) moves. Net income (AGI) that moved in minus out, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation).Net tax returns (filing households) that moved in minus out.Net people per 1,000 residents, so larger and smaller areas compare fairly. Hover an area to trace its top moves HowAmericaMoves.com Top origin states 1Texas7,197$450.9M2California3,262$250.5M3Arizona3,006$170.2M4Colorado2,642$168.2M5Florida1,579$114.7M6Washington919$68.1M7Nevada706$44.2M8New York592$44.9M9Oregon575$41.8M10Virginia554$47.9M HowAmericaMoves.com Top destination states 1Texas7,469$510.5M2Arizona3,435$207.6M3Colorado2,743$196.7M4California2,364$159.7M5Florida1,452$109.8M6Washington946$69.3M7Oklahoma712$45.3M8Nevada693$45.3M9Virginia625$55.2M10North Carolina598$41.5M HowAmericaMoves.com Churn by state both directions at once The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 2022–2023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference. Click a column to sort. Texas 7,197 7,469 -272 -$59.6M Arizona 3,006 3,435 -429 -$37.4M California 3,262 2,364 +898 +$90.8M Colorado 2,642 2,743 -101 -$28.5M Florida 1,579 1,452 +127 +$5M Washington 919 946 -27 -$1.2M Nevada 706 693 +13 -$1.1M Oklahoma 529 712 -183 -$18.6M Virginia 554 625 -71 -$7.3M Oregon 575 543 +32 -$1.3M New York 592 510 +82 +$10.6M Utah 530 535 -5 -$5.7M Counts are filing households (IRS returns), matching the lists above; income is nominal AGI. A dash means the IRS published only one direction of that exchange (small flows are suppressed), so no net is computed. HowAmericaMoves.com Net migration by year Net 2012–2023: -$673.5M (-53,658 people) 20122023 HowAmericaMoves.com Net AGI and net people by year (nominal dollars) Year Net AGI Net people 2012 -$166.3M -8,231 2013 -$238.6M -9,103 2014 -$234.6M -9,814 2015 -$164.6M -5,877 2016 -$179M -7,693 2017 -$67.5M -7,061 2018 -$6.7M -1,901 2019 +$51M +144 2020 +$437M +1,770 2021 +$99.6M -3,256 2022 -$118.3M -1,128 2023 -$85.5M -1,508 Migration in context How big is this move, relative to the state? In the 2022–2023 filing year, about 1,508 more people left New Mexico than moved in (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net loss of about $85.5M in income (nominal) — in a state of 2,119,349 people. Population 2,119,349 Census 2023 estimate Net migration rate 0.7 net people per 1,000 residents A Town Of 10,000 Would Net About -7 People. Net income per resident −$40 nominal dollars ≈ -$85.5M total across 2,119,349 residents. The rate lets you compare New Mexico with a stateof any size: it’s the net flow divided by population. The IRS counts tax filers; population counts all residents, so read the rate as a scale indicator, not a literal share of people. HowAmericaMoves.com Components of population change 2023 (Census) Where the state’s overall change came from. Census counts all residents; the IRS migration above is one slice of the domestic-migration component. Births +21,582 Deaths 22,367 Net domestic migration 1,524 Net international migration +9,044 Total change +6,490 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program. Figures are people, not tax filers. HowAmericaMoves.com Income & cost of living What a dollar is worth here Prices around New Mexico run about 9% below the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $110 buys in the average American community. The figures below apply that to income, each compared to the U.S. average of $70,002 per person. Income per person $55,457 what people here earn (BEA 2023, nominal) 21% below the U.S. average Price level 91.0 100 = U.S. average prices (BEA price parity) everyday costs about 9.0% lower than average What that income buys $60,954 local income restated at U.S.-average prices 13% below the U.S. average Cheaper than U.S. avgU.S. average (100)Pricier Price parity shown at the state level (BEA does not publish a single figure below the metro level). HowAmericaMoves.com Where the cost comes from price parity by category Index where 100 = U.S. average for that category. Housing is usually what separates one place from another. Housing & rents75.3 Goods97.4 Utilities77.9 Other services93.8 Housing is measured from rents (including an estimated rental value for owner-occupied homes), so a run-up in purchase prices shows here only as it reaches rents. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer income above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who lives here The people of New Mexico American Community Survey, 2019–2023 (a 5-year average of all residents, not just tax filers). Median age 39.2 years Median household income $62,125 per household (ACS 2019–2023, nominal) 21% below the U.S. median College degree 30% adults 25+ with a bachelor's or higher Poverty rate 18.1% residents below the poverty line Average commute 23 min mean travel time to work Broadband at home 84% households with any broadband Race and ethnicity (share of residents) White 37%Hispanic 48%Black 2%Asian 2%Other 12% White, Black, and Asian counts are people who are not Hispanic or Latino; Hispanic or Latino can be of any race. Shares are rounded and may not total 100. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer data. A 5-year estimate is an average over 2019–2023; compare years at least five apart, since consecutive windows overlap. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Housing what it costs to live here (ACS 2019–2023) Median home value $232,200 owner-occupied homes 23% below the U.S. median Median rent $1,021 gross rent per month 24% below the U.S. median Homeownership 69% of occupied homes are owner-occupied Home-price appreciation FHFA index, 2023 Past year +7.9% price change, 2022 to 2023 Past 5 years +52% price change, 2018 to 2023 A repeat-sales index (how much the same homes changed in price), so it tracks the market over time rather than the current level. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual all-transactions HPI; the county series is FHFA’s developmental index. New home construction building permits, 2023 8,511new housing units authorized in 2023 Single-family 80%Multifamily 20% Units authorized by residential building permits (new supply), summed from counties for the state and U.S. Permits are authorizations, not completions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey. Home value is what owners estimate their homes are worth, not recent sale prices. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2019–2023), nominal dollars. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Local economy & risk Jobs and natural hazards Unemployment rate 3.7% BLS 2023 annual average Labor force 966,516 930,980 employed Disaster declarations — major federal, 2023 Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and FEMA. A disaster declaration marks federal assistance eligibility, not damage severity, and says nothing about why anyone moved. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Unemployment now 4.6% May 2026 ▲ 0.7 points vs May 2025 January 2024May 2026 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Monthly unemployment for this state, not seasonally adjusted. Updated every month, so it moves faster than the annual average above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who’s moving by income Net migration by income bracket Tax-filing households that moved into New Mexico minus those that left, by the adjusted gross income they reported, 2022–2023. Positive means more arrived than left at that income level. $1–$10k +154 In 3,247Out 3,093+$956K AGI $10k–$25k +6 In 6,422Out 6,416+$604K AGI $25k–$50k +81 In 8,328Out 8,247+$3.7M AGI $50k–$75k +47 In 4,590Out 4,543+$2.1M AGI $75k–$100k 29 In 2,759Out 2,788-$3.3M AGI $100k–$200k 203 In 4,113Out 4,316-$27.9M AGI $200k+ 113 In 1,500Out 1,613-$60.6M AGI Among the highest earners ($200k+), New Mexico ranks #27 of 51 states for net household migration (-113). Source: IRS Statistics of Income, state-level gross migration file (returns with negative AGI are excluded, so this won’t exactly match the totals above). Income is what filers reported, not a reason anyone moved. Compare all states by income bracket. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Goods trade What New Mexico ships and receives Physical goods shipped between New Mexico and other states, 2022. This is freight, not the migration of people or income shown above. $14.9B Ships to other states +4% since 2017 $50.5B Receives from states +48% since 2017 $35.6B Net balance Top goods shipped out Mixed freight $5.0B Other prepared foodstuffs and fats and oils $4.2B Electronic and other electrical equipment and components, and office equipment $3.4B Machinery $2.4B Articles of base metal $2.2B Base metal in primary or semi-finished forms and in finished basic shapes $1.6B Top goods received Electronic and other electrical equipment and components, and office equipment $5.4B Mixed freight $5.3B Pharmaceutical products $5.1B Miscellaneous manufactured products $2.6B Other prepared foodstuffs and fats and oils $1.8B Other chemical products and preparations, not elsewhere classified $1.5B Biggest trading partners (both ways) Goods trade runs in both directions: states swap different goods, so a partner is often near the top of both columns. Net is ships minus receives (positive means New Mexico ships more to that partner than it gets back). Partner Ships to Receives Net Total Texas $6.6B $13.6B -$7.1B $20.2B Arizona $699M $10.5B -$9.8B $11.2B California $1.4B $5.6B -$4.2B $7.0B Colorado $1.0B $4.2B -$3.2B $5.2B Missouri $592M $862M -$270M $1.5B Illinois $433M $899M -$466M $1.3B Oklahoma $174M $1.1B -$973M $1.3B New York $367M $933M -$566M $1.3B Goods shipped every five years by the Census Commodity Flow Survey (a sample, so figures are estimates and the smallest flows are withheld). Value is nominal. The totals and partner table above count trade between New Mexico and other states; the goods lists count everything the state ships or receives, including within-state shipments. Compare all states. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Taxes the state collects What New Mexico collects in taxes Total state taxes $14.4B FY 2023, nominal Per resident $6,812 total state taxes ÷ population Largest categories (share of total) Severance taxes$5.3B 37% General sales & gross receipts$4B 28% Individual income tax$2.6B 18% Insurance premium sales tax$452.5M 3% Corporation net income tax$442.7M 3% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Tax Collections. This is what the state government collected (not local taxes), not a measure of any individual’s tax burden. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Elections National maps → How New Mexico has voted. Certified returns, popular vote only. This is a separate dataset from the migration figures on this page. President, 1976–2024 Year Democratic Republican Other Margin Total 2024 478,802 423,391 21,169 D +6.0 923,362 2020 501,614 401,894 20,457 D +10.8 923,965 2016 385,234 319,667 93,418 D +8.2 798,319 2012 415,335 335,788 32,635 D +10.1 783,758 2008 472,422 346,832 10,904 D +15.1 830,158 2004 370,942 376,930 8,432 R +0.8 756,304 2000 286,783 286,417 25,405 D +0.1 598,605 1996 273,495 232,751 49,828 D +7.3 556,074 1992 261,617 212,824 95,545 D +8.6 569,986 1988 244,497 270,341 6,549 R +5.0 521,387 1984 201,769 307,101 5,500 R +20.5 514,370 1980 167,826 250,779 37,632 R +18.2 456,237 1976 201,148 211,419 4,023 R +2.5 416,590 U.S. Senate races all states → Year Winner Democratic Republican Other Margin 2024 Martin Heinrich 497,333 405,978 — D +10.1 2020 Ben R. Lujan 474,483 418,483 24,271 D +6.1 2018 Martin T. Heinrich 376,998 212,813 107,201 D +23.6 2014 Tom Udall 286,409 229,097 — D +11.1 2012 Martin Heinrich 395,717 351,260 28,199 D +5.7 2008 Tom Udall 505,128 318,522 — D +22.7 2006 Jeff Bingaman 394,365 163,826 — D +41.3 2002 Pete V. Domenici 168,863 314,193 — R +30.1 2000 Jeff Bingaman 363,744 225,517 — D +23.4 U.S. House seats won district maps → 2024 D 3 R 0 2022 D 3 R 0 2020 D 2 R 1 2018 D 3 R 0 2016 D 2 R 1 2014 D 2 R 1 2012 D 2 R 1 2010 D 2 R 1 2008 D 3 R 0 2006 D 1 R 2 2004 D 1 R 2 2002 D 1 R 2 2000 D 1 R 2 2024 results by county Republican wonDemocratic wonIndependent / other Which party received the most votes, as a solid color.Winning margin as a share of all votes cast.Change in margin since 2020, in percentage points.Total votes cast, all candidates. HowAmericaMoves.com Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab county returns (CC0). Margins are the popular-vote gap as a share of all votes cast. Counties in New Mexico (33) Bernalillo CountyCatron CountyChaves CountyCibola CountyColfax CountyCurry CountyDe Baca CountyDoña Ana CountyEddy CountyGrant CountyGuadalupe CountyHarding CountyHidalgo CountyLea CountyLincoln CountyLos Alamos CountyLuna CountyMcKinley CountyMora CountyOtero CountyQuay CountyRio Arriba CountyRoosevelt CountySan Juan CountySan Miguel CountySandoval CountySanta Fe CountySierra CountySocorro CountyTaos CountyTorrance CountyUnion CountyValencia County Get the next update for New Mexico The IRS releases new migration data once a year. Drop your email and we will send the refreshed numbers when they land. No spam, unsubscribe anytime. Email address