New Jersey

Home/New Jersey New Jersey State-to-state migration of people and income, 2022–2023 filing years At a glance (2023) Cost of living 109 9% above the U.S. average Median home value $427,600 national $303,400 Home prices, 5 years +50.5% over the 5 years to 2023 Monthly rent $1,653 national $1,348 Homeownership 64% national 65% Unemployment 4.3% national 3.6% Household income $101,050 national $78,538 Median age 40.1 yrs national 38.7 The cost of living runs about 9% above the national average. The median home is valued at $427,600 (nominal). Home prices have risen about 50% over the five years to 2023. Median rent is about $1,653 a month. Unemployment averaged 4.3% in 2023 (national 3.6%). Median household income is $101,050. These figures describe all residents, not just tax filers, come from separate sources than the migration data on this page, and do not indicate why anyone moved. Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, New Jersey saw a net loss of 20,990 tax-filing households and a net loss of 32,182 individuals. Against a population of about 9,290,841, that is a net outflow of about 3.5 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area lost $2.8B in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars). The largest inflow, about 43,699 households, came from New York; the largest outflow, about 26,793 households, went to New York. In the prior (2022) filing year, the area saw a net loss of 38,070 individuals. These figures cover federal income tax filers only and do not indicate why people moved. Net income (AGI) $2.8B nominal dollars Net households 20,990 tax returns Net people 32,182 exemptions 3.5 net people per 1,000 residents (population 9,290,841) Income (AGI) in and out Moved in$11.2B Moved out$14B Net -$2.8B (nominal) HowAmericaMoves.com New Jersey counties Net migration by county. Hover for figures; click a county to open it. Net outNet in(AGI $) Hover an area to trace its top 5 inbound (in) and outbound (out) moves. Net income (AGI) that moved in minus out, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation).Net tax returns (filing households) that moved in minus out.Net people per 1,000 residents, so larger and smaller areas compare fairly. Hover an area to trace its top moves HowAmericaMoves.com Top origin states 1New York43,699$5.1B2Pennsylvania16,075$1.4B3Florida9,047$785.3M4California4,880$668.3M5Texas3,152$300.9M6Massachusetts2,740$318.4M7Virginia2,636$239.6M8North Carolina2,566$183M9Maryland2,483$207.3M10Connecticut2,060$230M HowAmericaMoves.com Top destination states 1New York26,793$3B2Florida20,113$3B3Pennsylvania18,767$1.6B4California6,470$821.1M5Texas6,059$679.2M6North Carolina6,003$571.9M7Virginia4,296$368.6M8Georgia3,725$302.6M9South Carolina3,650$388.7M10Massachusetts3,596$346.2M HowAmericaMoves.com Churn by state both directions at once The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 2022–2023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference. Click a column to sort. New York 43,699 26,793 +16,906 +$2.1B Pennsylvania 16,075 18,767 -2,692 -$168.5M Florida 9,047 20,113 -11,066 -$2.2B California 4,880 6,470 -1,590 -$152.8M Texas 3,152 6,059 -2,907 -$378.2M North Carolina 2,566 6,003 -3,437 -$388.9M Virginia 2,636 4,296 -1,660 -$129M Massachusetts 2,740 3,596 -856 -$27.8M Maryland 2,483 3,135 -652 -$47.4M Georgia 1,893 3,725 -1,832 -$171M South Carolina 1,161 3,650 -2,489 -$309.3M Connecticut 2,060 2,242 -182 -$63.8M Counts are filing households (IRS returns), matching the lists above; income is nominal AGI. A dash means the IRS published only one direction of that exchange (small flows are suppressed), so no net is computed. HowAmericaMoves.com Net migration by year Net 2012–2023: -$36.4B (-425,223 people) 20122023 HowAmericaMoves.com Net AGI and net people by year (nominal dollars) Year Net AGI Net people 2012 -$2.2B -34,396 2013 -$1.8B -35,880 2014 -$3.1B -46,563 2015 -$2.5B -34,590 2016 -$3.5B -47,395 2017 -$2.8B -47,031 2018 -$3.2B -32,888 2019 -$3.1B -26,853 2020 -$2.3B -23,306 2021 -$3.8B -26,069 2022 -$5.3B -38,070 2023 -$2.8B -32,182 Migration in context How big is this move, relative to the state? In the 2022–2023 filing year, about 32,182 more people left New Jersey than moved in (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net loss of about $2.8B in income (nominal) — in a state of 9,395,315 people. Population 9,395,315 Census 2023 estimate Net migration rate 3.4 net people per 1,000 residents A Town Of 10,000 Would Net About -34 People. Net income per resident −$295 nominal dollars ≈ -$2.8B total across 9,395,315 residents. The rate lets you compare New Jersey with a stateof any size: it’s the net flow divided by population. The IRS counts tax filers; population counts all residents, so read the rate as a scale indicator, not a literal share of people. HowAmericaMoves.com Components of population change 2023 (Census) Where the state’s overall change came from. Census counts all residents; the IRS migration above is one slice of the domestic-migration component. Births +102,445 Deaths 77,211 Net domestic migration 41,714 Net international migration +114,014 Total change +96,913 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program. Figures are people, not tax filers. HowAmericaMoves.com Income & cost of living What a dollar is worth here Prices around New Jersey run about 9% above the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $92 buys in the average American community. The figures below apply that to income, each compared to the U.S. average of $70,002 per person. Income per person $81,584 what people here earn (BEA 2023, nominal) 17% above the U.S. average Price level 108.9 100 = U.S. average prices (BEA price parity) everyday costs about 8.9% higher than average What that income buys $74,888 local income restated at U.S.-average prices 7% above the U.S. average Cheaper than U.S. avgU.S. average (100)Pricier Price parity shown at the state level (BEA does not publish a single figure below the metro level). HowAmericaMoves.com Where the cost comes from price parity by category Index where 100 = U.S. average for that category. Housing is usually what separates one place from another. Housing & rents134.1 Goods105.8 Utilities114.8 Other services104.5 Housing is measured from rents (including an estimated rental value for owner-occupied homes), so a run-up in purchase prices shows here only as it reaches rents. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer income above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who lives here The people of New Jersey American Community Survey, 2019–2023 (a 5-year average of all residents, not just tax filers). Median age 40.1 years Median household income $101,050 per household (ACS 2019–2023, nominal) 29% above the U.S. median College degree 43% adults 25+ with a bachelor's or higher Poverty rate 9.8% residents below the poverty line Average commute 31 min mean travel time to work Broadband at home 92% households with any broadband Race and ethnicity (share of residents) White 52%Hispanic 22%Black 12%Asian 10%Other 4% White, Black, and Asian counts are people who are not Hispanic or Latino; Hispanic or Latino can be of any race. Shares are rounded and may not total 100. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer data. A 5-year estimate is an average over 2019–2023; compare years at least five apart, since consecutive windows overlap. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Housing what it costs to live here (ACS 2019–2023) Median home value $427,600 owner-occupied homes 41% above the U.S. median Median rent $1,653 gross rent per month 23% above the U.S. median Homeownership 64% of occupied homes are owner-occupied Home-price appreciation FHFA index, 2023 Past year +10.7% price change, 2022 to 2023 Past 5 years +50% price change, 2018 to 2023 A repeat-sales index (how much the same homes changed in price), so it tracks the market over time rather than the current level. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual all-transactions HPI; the county series is FHFA’s developmental index. New home construction building permits, 2023 32,840new housing units authorized in 2023 Single-family 40%Multifamily 60% Units authorized by residential building permits (new supply), summed from counties for the state and U.S. Permits are authorizations, not completions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey. Home value is what owners estimate their homes are worth, not recent sale prices. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2019–2023), nominal dollars. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Local economy & risk Jobs and natural hazards Unemployment rate 4.3% BLS 2023 annual average Labor force 4,879,285 4,668,296 employed Disaster declarations 1 major federal, 2023 most common: Severe Storm Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and FEMA. A disaster declaration marks federal assistance eligibility, not damage severity, and says nothing about why anyone moved. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Unemployment now 4.2% May 2026 ▼ 0.8 points vs May 2025 January 2024May 2026 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Monthly unemployment for this state, not seasonally adjusted. Updated every month, so it moves faster than the annual average above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who’s moving by income Net migration by income bracket Tax-filing households that moved into New Jersey minus those that left, by the adjusted gross income they reported, 2022–2023. Positive means more arrived than left at that income level. $1–$10k 1,555 In 8,337Out 9,892-$8M AGI $10k–$25k 4,210 In 16,826Out 21,036-$73.1M AGI $25k–$50k 4,997 In 23,082Out 28,079-$181.4M AGI $50k–$75k 2,683 In 17,001Out 19,684-$166.3M AGI $75k–$100k 1,360 In 11,951Out 13,311-$118.1M AGI $100k–$200k 3,014 In 19,380Out 22,394-$426.5M AGI $200k+ 2,596 In 11,631Out 14,227-$1.8B AGI Among the highest earners ($200k+), New Jersey ranks #47 of 51 states for net household migration (-2,596). Source: IRS Statistics of Income, state-level gross migration file (returns with negative AGI are excluded, so this won’t exactly match the totals above). Income is what filers reported, not a reason anyone moved. Compare all states by income bracket. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Goods trade What New Jersey ships and receives Physical goods shipped between New Jersey and other states, 2022. This is freight, not the migration of people or income shown above. $383.9B Ships to other states +21% since 2017 $276.2B Receives from states +8% since 2017 +$107.7B Net balance Top goods shipped out Mixed freight $98.7B Electronic and other electrical equipment and components, and office equipment $58.8B Pharmaceutical products $55.9B Motorized and other vehicles (includes parts) $36.7B Other prepared foodstuffs and fats and oils $33.3B Miscellaneous manufactured products $29.6B Top goods received Mixed freight $75.7B Electronic and other electrical equipment and components, and office equipment $42.7B Other prepared foodstuffs and fats and oils $26.2B Textiles, leather, and articles of textiles or leather $22.6B Motorized and other vehicles (includes parts) $17.3B Machinery $16.2B Biggest trading partners (both ways) Goods trade runs in both directions: states swap different goods, so a partner is often near the top of both columns. Net is ships minus receives (positive means New Jersey ships more to that partner than it gets back). Partner Ships to Receives Net Total New York $89.2B $47.8B +$41.4B $137.0B Pennsylvania $57.8B $47.9B +$9.9B $105.7B California $17.9B $18.1B -$228M $36.0B Connecticut $17.9B $10.4B +$7.5B $28.4B Ohio $13.4B $13.9B -$543M $27.3B Massachusetts $14.8B $10.2B +$4.6B $25.0B Florida $18.1B $6.2B +$11.9B $24.3B Maryland $13.7B $10.0B +$3.8B $23.7B Goods shipped every five years by the Census Commodity Flow Survey (a sample, so figures are estimates and the smallest flows are withheld). Value is nominal. The totals and partner table above count trade between New Jersey and other states; the goods lists count everything the state ships or receives, including within-state shipments. Compare all states. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Taxes the state collects What New Jersey collects in taxes Total state taxes $50.7B FY 2023, nominal Per resident $5,399 total state taxes ÷ population Largest categories (share of total) Individual income tax$18.5B 36% General sales & gross receipts$14.7B 29% Corporation net income tax$8.7B 17% Other selective sales tax$2.6B 5% Documentary & stock transfer$813.6M 2% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Tax Collections. This is what the state government collected (not local taxes), not a measure of any individual’s tax burden. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Elections National maps → How New Jersey has voted. Certified returns, popular vote only. This is a separate dataset from the migration figures on this page. President, 1976–2024 Year Democratic Republican Other Margin Total 2024 2,220,713 1,968,215 83,797 D +5.9 4,272,725 2020 2,608,335 1,883,274 57,744 D +15.9 4,549,353 2016 2,148,278 1,601,933 123,835 D +14.1 3,874,046 2012 2,125,101 1,477,568 37,623 D +17.8 3,640,292 2008 2,215,422 1,613,207 9,869 D +15.7 3,838,498 2004 1,911,430 1,668,003 30,258 D +6.7 3,609,691 2000 1,788,850 1,284,173 114,203 D +15.8 3,187,226 1996 1,652,361 1,103,099 320,400 D +17.9 3,075,860 1992 1,436,206 1,356,865 550,523 D +2.4 3,343,594 1988 1,320,352 1,743,192 36,009 R +13.6 3,099,553 1984 1,261,323 1,933,630 22,909 R +20.9 3,217,862 1980 1,147,364 1,546,557 281,763 R +13.4 2,975,684 1976 1,444,653 1,509,688 60,131 R +2.2 3,014,472 U.S. Senate races all states → Year Winner Democratic Republican Other Margin 2024 Andy Kim 2,161,491 1,773,589 96,715 D +9.6 2020 Cory Booker 2,541,178 1,817,052 82,210 D +16.3 2018 Robert Menendez 1,711,654 1,357,355 100,301 D +11.2 2014 Cory A. Booker 1,043,866 791,297 34,372 D +13.5 2012 Robert Menendez 1,987,680 1,329,534 59,435 D +19.5 2008 Frank R. Lautenberg 1,951,218 1,461,025 70,202 D +14.1 2006 Robert Menendez 1,200,843 997,775 51,452 D +9.0 2002 Frank R. Lautenberg 1,138,193 928,439 45,972 D +9.9 2000 Jon S. Corzine 1,511,237 1,420,267 84,158 D +3.0 U.S. House seats won district maps → 2024 D 9 R 3 2022 D 9 R 3 2020 D 10 R 2 2018 D 11 R 1 2016 D 7 R 5 2014 D 6 R 6 2012 D 6 R 6 2010 D 7 R 6 2008 D 8 R 5 2006 D 7 R 6 2004 D 7 R 6 2002 D 7 R 6 2000 D 7 R 6 2024 results by county Republican wonDemocratic wonIndependent / other Which party received the most votes, as a solid color.Winning margin as a share of all votes cast.Change in margin since 2020, in percentage points.Total votes cast, all candidates. HowAmericaMoves.com Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab county returns (CC0). Margins are the popular-vote gap as a share of all votes cast. Counties in New Jersey (21) Atlantic CountyBergen CountyBurlington CountyCamden CountyCape May CountyCumberland CountyEssex CountyGloucester CountyHudson CountyHunterdon CountyMercer CountyMiddlesex CountyMonmouth CountyMorris CountyOcean CountyPassaic CountySalem CountySomerset CountySussex CountyUnion CountyWarren County Get the next update for New Jersey The IRS releases new migration data once a year. Drop your email and we will send the refreshed numbers when they land. No spam, unsubscribe anytime. Email address