Iowa

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Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, Iowa saw a net loss of 2,508 tax-filing households and a net loss of 1,538 individuals. Against a population of about 3,207,004, that is a net outflow of about 0.5 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area lost $271.1M in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars).

Key Statistics

• Cost of living: 11% below the U.S. average
• Median home value: $195,900 (national: $303,400)
• Home prices: +36.9% over the 5 years to 2023
• Monthly rent: $949 (national: $1,348)
• Homeownership rate: 72% (national: 65%)
• Unemployment rate: 3.0% (national: 3.6%)
• Median household income: $73,147 (national: $78,538)
• Median age: 38.6 years (national: 38.7)

Migration Overview (2022–2023)

• Net households lost: 2,508 tax returns
• Net people lost: 1,538 exemptions
• Net AGI lost: $271.1M (nominal dollars)
• Net migration rate: 0.5 net people per 1,000 residents

Income (AGI) in and out:

• Moved in: $2.1B
• Moved out: $2.4B
• Net: -$271.1M (nominal)

Top Origin States

• Illinois: 5,280 households ($306.6M AGI)
• Nebraska: 3,172 households ($182.8M AGI)
• Minnesota: 2,324 households ($153.5M AGI)
• Texas: 2,099 households ($124M AGI)
• California: 1,830 households ($124.1M AGI)
• Florida: 1,754 households ($125.8M AGI)
• Missouri: 1,665 households ($95.5M AGI)
• Wisconsin: 1,458 households ($88.8M AGI)
• Colorado: 1,346 households ($90.4M AGI)
• Arizona: 1,132 households ($76.9M AGI)

Top Destination States

• Illinois: 4,586 households ($246.1M AGI)
• Nebraska: 3,156 households ($166.5M AGI)
• Minnesota: 2,819 households ($179.7M AGI)
• Texas: 2,432 households ($170.5M AGI)
• Florida: 2,080 households ($225.1M AGI)
• Missouri: 2,029 households ($122.4M AGI)
• Wisconsin: 1,768 households ($111.1M AGI)
• Colorado: 1,504 households ($100.1M AGI)
• California: 1,351 households ($91.4M AGI)
• Arizona: 1,308 households ($101.4M AGI)

Churn by State (Two-Way Migration)

The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 2022–2023:

• Illinois: 5,280 in, 4,586 out (+694 net, +$60.5M AGI)
• Nebraska: 3,172 in, 3,156 out (+16 net, +$16.3M AGI)
• Minnesota: 2,324 in, 2,819 out (-495 net, -$26.2M AGI)
• Texas: 2,099 in, 2,432 out (-333 net, -$46.5M AGI)
• Florida: 1,754 in, 2,080 out (-326 net, -$99.3M AGI)
• Missouri: 1,665 in, 2,029 out (-364 net, -$26.9M AGI)
• Wisconsin: 1,458 in, 1,768 out (-310 net, -$22.3M AGI)
• California: 1,830 in, 1,351 out (+479 net, +$32.6M AGI)
• Colorado: 1,346 in, 1,504 out (-158 net, -$9.7M AGI)
• Arizona: 1,132 in, 1,308 out (-176 net, -$24.5M AGI)

Net Migration by Year (2012–2023)

Net AGI and net people by year (nominal dollars):

• 2012: -$97.5M AGI, -1,025 people
• 2013: -$53.1M AGI, +664 people
• 2014: -$230.7M AGI, -2,658 people
• 2015: -$238.4M AGI, -1,468 people
• 2016: -$259.3M AGI, -3,108 people
• 2017: -$385.7M AGI, -4,324 people
• 2018: -$455.9M AGI, -2,467 people
• 2019: -$515.8M AGI, -5,355 people
• 2020: -$283.7M AGI, -3,086 people
• 2021: -$258.8M AGI, -1,123 people
• 2022: -$514.6M AGI, -5,393 people
• 2023: -$271.1M AGI, -1,538 people

Total net migration (2012–2023): -$3.6B AGI, -30,881 people.

Migration in Context

• Population (2023 estimate): 3,214,739
• Net migration rate: 0.5 net people per 1,000 residents
• Net income per resident: -$84 (≈ -$271.1M total)

A town of 10,000 would net about -5 people.

Components of Population Change (2023)

• Births: +36,415
• Deaths: 32,987
• Net domestic migration: 3,502
• Net international migration: +13,275
• Total change: +12,849

Income & Cost of Living

• Income per person: $62,688 (10% below U.S. average)
• Price level: 88.8 (100 = U.S. average, 11.2% lower)
• What local income buys: $70,619 at U.S.-average prices (1% above U.S. average)

Price parity by category (100 = U.S. average):

• Housing & rents: 66.0
• Goods: 96.6
• Utilities: 87.3
• Other services: 92.3

Demographics

• Median age: 38.6 years
• Median household income: $73,147 (7% below U.S. median)
• College degree: 31% of adults 25+
• Poverty rate: 11.0%
• Average commute: 20 minutes
• Broadband at home: 88% of households

Race and ethnicity (share of residents):

• White: 83%
• Hispanic: 7%
• Black: 4%
• Asian: 2%
• Other: 4%

Housing

• Median home value: $195,900 (35% below U.S