Indiana

Home/Indiana Indiana State-to-state migration of people and income, 2022–2023 filing years At a glance (2023) Cost of living 92 8% below the U.S. average Median home value $201,600 national $303,400 Home prices, 5 years +53.1% over the 5 years to 2023 Monthly rent $1,020 national $1,348 Homeownership 70% national 65% Unemployment 3.4% national 3.6% Household income $70,051 national $78,538 Median age 38.0 yrs national 38.7 The cost of living runs about 8% below the national average. The median home is valued at $201,600 (nominal). Home prices have risen about 53% over the five years to 2023. Median rent is about $1,020 a month. Unemployment averaged 3.4% in 2023 (national 3.6%). Median household income is $70,051. These figures describe all residents, not just tax filers, come from separate sources than the migration data on this page, and do not indicate why anyone moved. Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, Indiana saw a net loss of 1,650 tax-filing households and a net gain of 4,366 individuals. Against a population of about 6,862,199, that is a net inflow of about 0.6 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area lost $353.2M in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars). The largest inflow, about 12,570 households, came from Illinois; the largest outflow, about 10,141 households, went to Illinois. In the prior (2022) filing year, the area saw a net gain of 6,326 individuals. These figures cover federal income tax filers only and do not indicate why people moved. Net income (AGI) $353.2M nominal dollars Net households 1,650 tax returns Net people +4,366 exemptions +0.6 net people per 1,000 residents (population 6,862,199) Income (AGI) in and out Moved in$4.5B Moved out$4.9B Net -$353.2M (nominal) HowAmericaMoves.com Indiana counties Net migration by county. Hover for figures; click a county to open it. Net outNet in(AGI $) Hover an area to trace its top 5 inbound (in) and outbound (out) moves. Net income (AGI) that moved in minus out, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation).Net tax returns (filing households) that moved in minus out.Net people per 1,000 residents, so larger and smaller areas compare fairly. Hover an area to trace its top moves HowAmericaMoves.com Top origin states 1Illinois12,570$846.8M2Florida7,213$468.2M3Kentucky5,940$336.8M4Ohio5,279$321.8M5Michigan4,718$295M6Texas3,701$229.7M7California3,482$271.5M8Tennessee2,157$137.4M9New York2,033$112M10Georgia1,700$94.6M HowAmericaMoves.com Top destination states 1Illinois10,141$568.2M2Florida7,615$796.7M3Kentucky5,294$277.3M4Ohio5,172$307.8M5Michigan5,153$338.6M6Texas4,631$313.9M7California3,064$227.2M8Tennessee2,684$165.1M9North Carolina2,156$171.2M10Georgia2,053$129.8M HowAmericaMoves.com Churn by state both directions at once The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 2022–2023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference. Click a column to sort. Illinois 12,570 10,141 +2,429 +$278.7M Florida 7,213 7,615 -402 -$328.5M Kentucky 5,940 5,294 +646 +$59.5M Ohio 5,279 5,172 +107 +$14M Michigan 4,718 5,153 -435 -$43.6M Texas 3,701 4,631 -930 -$84.2M California 3,482 3,064 +418 +$44.3M Tennessee 2,157 2,684 -527 -$27.7M Georgia 1,700 2,053 -353 -$35.2M North Carolina 1,529 2,156 -627 -$74.8M New York 2,033 1,554 +479 +$14M Arizona 1,531 1,741 -210 -$34.6M Counts are filing households (IRS returns), matching the lists above; income is nominal AGI. A dash means the IRS published only one direction of that exchange (small flows are suppressed), so no net is computed. HowAmericaMoves.com Net migration by year Net 2012–2023: -$4.3B (+23,295 people) 20122023 HowAmericaMoves.com Net AGI and net people by year (nominal dollars) Year Net AGI Net people 2012 -$306.7M -5,692 2013 -$259.7M +241 2014 -$394.3M -6,094 2015 -$384.6M -4,923 2016 -$550.1M -4,257 2017 -$444.9M +3,211 2018 -$376.1M +6,360 2019 -$344.7M +4,205 2020 -$213.8M +8,523 2021 -$164.2M +11,029 2022 -$551.3M +6,326 2023 -$353.2M +4,366 Migration in context How big is this move, relative to the state? In the 2022–2023 filing year, about 4,366 more people moved into Indiana than left (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net loss of about $353.2M in income (nominal) — in a state of 6,881,373 people. Population 6,881,373 Census 2023 estimate Net migration rate +0.6 net people per 1,000 residents A town of 10,000 would net about +6 people. Net income per resident −$51 nominal dollars ≈ -$353.2M total across 6,881,373 residents. The rate lets you compare Indiana with a stateof any size: it’s the net flow divided by population. The IRS counts tax filers; population counts all residents, so read the rate as a scale indicator, not a literal share of people. HowAmericaMoves.com Components of population change 2023 (Census) Where the state’s overall change came from. Census counts all residents; the IRS migration above is one slice of the domestic-migration component. Births +79,708 Deaths 72,091 Net domestic migration +3,077 Net international migration +29,749 Total change +39,882 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program. Figures are people, not tax filers. HowAmericaMoves.com Income & cost of living What a dollar is worth here Prices around Indiana run about 8% below the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $109 buys in the average American community. The figures below apply that to income, each compared to the U.S. average of $70,002 per person. Income per person $61,386 what people here earn (BEA 2023, nominal) 12% below the U.S. average Price level 92.1 100 = U.S. average prices (BEA price parity) everyday costs about 7.9% lower than average What that income buys $66,654 local income restated at U.S.-average prices 5% below the U.S. average Cheaper than U.S. avgU.S. average (100)Pricier Price parity shown at the state level (BEA does not publish a single figure below the metro level). HowAmericaMoves.com Where the cost comes from price parity by category Index where 100 = U.S. average for that category. Housing is usually what separates one place from another. Housing & rents71.3 Goods95.6 Utilities84.7 Other services97.7 Housing is measured from rents (including an estimated rental value for owner-occupied homes), so a run-up in purchase prices shows here only as it reaches rents. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer income above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who lives here The people of Indiana American Community Survey, 2019–2023 (a 5-year average of all residents, not just tax filers). Median age 38.0 years Median household income $70,051 per household (ACS 2019–2023, nominal) 11% below the U.S. median College degree 29% adults 25+ with a bachelor's or higher Poverty rate 12.2% residents below the poverty line Average commute 24 min mean travel time to work Broadband at home 88% households with any broadband Race and ethnicity (share of residents) White 76%Hispanic 8%Black 9%Asian 3%Other 4% White, Black, and Asian counts are people who are not Hispanic or Latino; Hispanic or Latino can be of any race. Shares are rounded and may not total 100. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer data. A 5-year estimate is an average over 2019–2023; compare years at least five apart, since consecutive windows overlap. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Housing what it costs to live here (ACS 2019–2023) Median home value $201,600 owner-occupied homes 34% below the U.S. median Median rent $1,020 gross rent per month 24% below the U.S. median Homeownership 70% of occupied homes are owner-occupied Home-price appreciation FHFA index, 2023 Past year +8.0% price change, 2022 to 2023 Past 5 years +53% price change, 2018 to 2023 A repeat-sales index (how much the same homes changed in price), so it tracks the market over time rather than the current level. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual all-transactions HPI; the county series is FHFA’s developmental index. New home construction building permits, 2023 27,055new housing units authorized in 2023 Single-family 63%Multifamily 37% Units authorized by residential building permits (new supply), summed from counties for the state and U.S. Permits are authorizations, not completions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey. Home value is what owners estimate their homes are worth, not recent sale prices. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2019–2023), nominal dollars. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Local economy & risk Jobs and natural hazards Unemployment rate 3.4% BLS 2023 annual average Labor force 3,424,333 3,307,235 employed Disaster declarations 1 major federal, 2023 most common: Severe Storm Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and FEMA. A disaster declaration marks federal assistance eligibility, not damage severity, and says nothing about why anyone moved. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Unemployment now 3.2% May 2026 ▼ 0.4 points vs May 2025 January 2024May 2026 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Monthly unemployment for this state, not seasonally adjusted. Updated every month, so it moves faster than the annual average above. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Who’s moving by income Net migration by income bracket Tax-filing households that moved into Indiana minus those that left, by the adjusted gross income they reported, 2022–2023. Positive means more arrived than left at that income level. $1–$10k 566 In 6,602Out 7,168-$2.1M AGI $10k–$25k +78 In 15,403Out 15,325-$330K AGI $25k–$50k 112 In 19,440Out 19,552-$4.5M AGI $50k–$75k 447 In 10,416Out 10,863-$27.9M AGI $75k–$100k 281 In 5,909Out 6,190-$25.4M AGI $100k–$200k 132 In 8,251Out 8,383-$19.2M AGI $200k+ 143 In 3,272Out 3,415-$275.6M AGI Among the highest earners ($200k+), Indiana ranks #29 of 51 states for net household migration (-143). Source: IRS Statistics of Income, state-level gross migration file (returns with negative AGI are excluded, so this won’t exactly match the totals above). Income is what filers reported, not a reason anyone moved. Compare all states by income bracket. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Goods trade What Indiana ships and receives Physical goods shipped between Indiana and other states, 2022. This is freight, not the migration of people or income shown above. $429.5B Ships to other states +45% since 2017 $312.5B Receives from states +24% since 2017 +$117.0B Net balance Top goods shipped out Motorized and other vehicles (includes parts) $111.0B Base metal in primary or semi-finished forms and in finished basic shapes $63.8B Electronic and other electrical equipment and components, and office equipment $33.4B Machinery $33.1B Plastics and rubber $31.4B Gasoline and aviation turbine fuel $28.5B Top goods received Motorized and other vehicles (includes parts) $66.3B Base metal in primary or semi-finished forms and in finished basic shapes $40.4B Pharmaceutical products $27.7B Machinery $27.5B Electronic and other electrical equipment and components, and office equipment $26.1B Plastics and rubber $25.7B Biggest trading partners (both ways) Goods trade runs in both directions: states swap different goods, so a partner is often near the top of both columns. Net is ships minus receives (positive means Indiana ships more to that partner than it gets back). Partner Ships to Receives Net Total Illinois $49.0B $50.4B -$1.5B $99.4B Michigan $58.5B $30.6B +$27.9B $89.1B Ohio $41.9B $45.6B -$3.7B $87.4B Texas $27.2B $13.3B +$13.9B $40.5B California $23.1B $15.3B +$7.8B $38.4B Kentucky $18.7B $17.5B +$1.1B $36.2B North Carolina $10.7B $17.4B -$6.7B $28.1B Wisconsin $15.9B $11.2B +$4.7B $27.0B Goods shipped every five years by the Census Commodity Flow Survey (a sample, so figures are estimates and the smallest flows are withheld). Value is nominal. The totals and partner table above count trade between Indiana and other states; the goods lists count everything the state ships or receives, including within-state shipments. Compare all states. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Taxes the state collects What Indiana collects in taxes Total state taxes $26.6B FY 2023, nominal Per resident $3,862 total state taxes ÷ population Largest categories (share of total) General sales & gross receipts$11B 41% Individual income tax$7.6B 29% Other selective sales tax$2.4B 9% Motor fuels sales tax$1.7B 6% Corporation net income tax$1.2B 5% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Tax Collections. This is what the state government collected (not local taxes), not a measure of any individual’s tax burden. How the data works. HowAmericaMoves.com Elections National maps → How Indiana has voted. Certified returns, popular vote only. This is a separate dataset from the migration figures on this page. President, 1976–2024 Year Democratic Republican Other Margin Total 2024 1,163,603 1,720,347 52,727 R +19.0 2,936,677 2020 1,242,416 1,729,519 61,186 R +16.1 3,033,121 2016 1,033,126 1,557,286 144,546 R +19.2 2,734,958 2012 1,152,887 1,420,543 51,104 R +10.2 2,624,534 2008 1,374,039 1,345,648 31,367 D +1.0 2,751,054 2004 969,011 1,479,438 19,553 R +20.7 2,468,002 2000 901,980 1,245,836 51,489 R +15.6 2,199,305 1996 887,424 1,006,693 241,314 R +5.6 2,135,431 1992 848,420 989,375 468,076 R +6.1 2,305,871 1988 860,643 1,297,763 10,215 R +20.2 2,168,621 1984 841,481 1,377,230 14,358 R +24.0 2,233,069 1980 844,197 1,255,656 142,180 R +18.4 2,242,033 1976 1,014,714 1,183,958 21,690 R +7.6 2,220,362 U.S. Senate races all states → Year Winner Democratic Republican Other Margin 2024 Jim Banks 1,097,061 1,659,416 73,420 R +19.9 2022 Todd Young 704,411 1,090,165 65,275 R +20.7 2018 Mike Braun 1,023,553 1,158,000 100,942 R +5.9 2016 Todd C. Young 1,158,947 1,423,991 149,481 R +9.7 2012 Joe Donnelly 1,281,181 1,133,621 145,282 D +5.8 2010 Dan Coats 697,775 952,116 94,330 R +14.6 2006 Richard G. Lugar — 1,171,553 168,820 — 2004 Evan Bayh 1,496,976 903,913 27,344 D +24.4 2000 Richard G. Lugar 683,273 1,427,944 33,992 R +34.7 U.S. House seats won district maps → 2024 D 2 R 7 2022 D 2 R 7 2020 D 2 R 7 2018 D 2 R 7 2016 D 2 R 7 2014 D 2 R 7 2012 D 2 R 7 2010 D 3 R 6 2008 D 5 R 4 2006 D 5 R 4 2004 D 2 R 7 2002 D 3 R 6 2000 D 4 R 6 2024 results by county Republican wonDemocratic wonIndependent / other Which party received the most votes, as a solid color.Winning margin as a share of all votes cast.Change in margin since 2020, in percentage points.Total votes cast, all candidates. HowAmericaMoves.com Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab county returns (CC0). Margins are the popular-vote gap as a share of all votes cast. Counties in Indiana (92) Adams CountyAllen CountyBartholomew CountyBenton CountyBlackford CountyBoone CountyBrown CountyCarroll CountyCass CountyClark CountyClay CountyClinton CountyCrawford CountyDaviess CountyDeKalb CountyDearborn CountyDecatur CountyDelaware CountyDubois CountyElkhart CountyFayette CountyFloyd CountyFountain CountyFranklin CountyFulton CountyGibson CountyGrant CountyGreene CountyHamilton CountyHancock CountyHarrison CountyHendricks CountyHenry CountyHoward CountyHuntington CountyJackson CountyJasper CountyJay CountyJefferson CountyJennings CountyJohnson CountyKnox CountyKosciusko CountyLaGrange CountyLaPorte CountyLake CountyLawrence CountyMadison CountyMarion CountyMarshall CountyMartin CountyMiami CountyMonroe CountyMontgomery CountyMorgan CountyNewton CountyNoble CountyOhio CountyOrange CountyOwen CountyParke CountyPerry CountyPike CountyPorter CountyPosey CountyPulaski CountyPutnam CountyRandolph CountyRipley CountyRush CountyScott CountyShelby CountySpencer CountySt. Joseph CountyStarke CountySteuben CountySullivan CountySwitzerland CountyTippecanoe CountyTipton CountyUnion CountyVanderburgh CountyVermillion CountyVigo CountyWabash CountyWarren CountyWarrick CountyWashington CountyWayne CountyWells CountyWhite CountyWhitley County Get the next update for Indiana The IRS releases new migration data once a year. 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