Alabama

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Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, Alabama saw a net gain of 6,124 tax-filing households and a net gain of 16,421 individuals. Against a population of about 5,108,468, that is a net inflow of about 3.2 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area gained $545.3M in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars).

Migration Overview

• Net income (AGI): +$545.3M nominal dollars
• Net households: +6,124 tax returns
• Net people: +16,421 exemptions
• Net people per 1,000 residents: +3.2 (population 5,108,468)

Income (AGI) in and out:

• Moved in: $3.7B
• Moved out: $3.2B
• Net: +$545.3M (nominal)

Top Origin States

• Georgia: 9,224 households, $563.2M AGI
• Florida: 8,410 households, $514M AGI
• Tennessee: 4,905 households, $324.1M AGI
• Texas: 3,748 households, $269.2M AGI
• Mississippi: 3,287 households, $182.2M AGI
• California: 2,342 households, $173.8M AGI
• North Carolina: 1,692 households, $111.2M AGI
• Virginia: 1,548 households, $140.7M AGI
• Louisiana: 1,375 households, $93.4M AGI
• Illinois: 1,301 households, $92.3M AGI

Top Destination States

• Georgia: 8,527 households, $466.8M AGI
• Florida: 7,060 households, $524.9M AGI
• Tennessee: 4,554 households, $292.2M AGI
• Texas: 4,359 households, $296.6M AGI
• Mississippi: 2,588 households, $151.3M AGI
• North Carolina: 1,904 households, $125.4M AGI
• California: 1,589 households, $111M AGI
• Virginia: 1,388 households, $106.1M AGI
• South Carolina: 1,189 households, $89.5M AGI
• Colorado: 1,135 households, $75.8M AGI

Churn by State

The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 2022–2023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference.

• Georgia: 9,224 in, 8,527 out, +697 net, +$96.3M AGI
• Florida: 8,410 in, 7,060 out, +1,350 net, -$10.8M AGI
• Tennessee: 4,905 in, 4,554 out, +351 net, +$32M AGI
• Texas: 3,748 in, 4,359 out, -611 net, -$27.5M AGI
• Mississippi: 3,287 in, 2,588 out, +699 net, +$31M AGI
• California: 2,342 in, 1,589 out, +753 net, +$62.8M AGI
• North Carolina: 1,692 in, 1,904 out, -212 net, -$14.2M AGI
• Virginia: 1,548 in, 1,388 out, +160 net, +$34.5M AGI
• Louisiana: 1,375 in, 1,101 out, +274 net, +$26.5M AGI
• Colorado: 1,261 in, 1,135 out, +126 net, +$22.7M AGI
• South Carolina: 1,114 in, 1,189 out, -75 net, -$16.1M AGI
• Illinois: 1,301 in, 940 out, +361 net, +$38.7M AGI

Net Migration by Year

Net 2012–2023: +$3.5B (+101,393 people).

• 2012: +$58.6M AGI, -4,198 people
• 2013: +$75.4M AGI, +1,586 people
• 2014: -$32.5M AGI, -3,881 people
• 2015: -$82.5M AGI, -1,631 people
• 2016: -$158.8M AGI, +2,257 people
• 2017: +$489.7M AGI, +11,864 people
• 2018: +$280.8M AGI, +8,385 people
• 2019: +$252.8M AGI, +8,820 people
• 2020: +$520.1M AGI, +17,532 people
• 2021: +$743.1M AGI, +21,532 people
• 2022: +$799M AGI, +22,706 people
• 2023: +$545.3M AGI, +16,421 people

Migration in Context

In the 2022–2023 filing year, about 16,421 more people moved into Alabama than left (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net gain of about $545.3M in income (nominal) — in a state of 5,117,850 people.

• Population: 5,117,850 (Census 2023 estimate)
• Net migration rate: +3.2 net people per 1,000 residents
• Net income per resident: +$107 nominal dollars (≈ +$545.3M total across 5,117,850 residents)

Components of Population Change (2023)

• Births: +58,640
• Deaths: 60,111
• Net domestic migration: +29,774
• Net international migration: +12,621
• Total change: +40,982

Income & Cost of Living

Prices around Alabama run about 11% below the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $112 buys in the average American community.

• Income per person: $54,612 (22% below the U.S. average)
• Price level: 89.1 (100 = U.S. average prices)
• What that income buys: $61,295 (local income restated at U.S.-average prices, 12% below the U.S. average)

Price parity by category (Index where 100 = U.S. average):

• Housing & rents: 61.6
• Goods: 94.6
• Utilities: 89.9
• Other services: 98.2

Demographics

• Median age: 39.3 years
• Median household income: $62,027 (21% below the U.S. median)
• College degree: 28% of adults 25+ with a bachelor's or higher
• Poverty rate: 15.6%
• Average commute: 25 minutes
• Broadband at home: 86% of households

Race and ethnicity (share of residents):

• White: 64%
• Black: 26%
• Hispanic: 5%
• Asian: 1%
• Other: 3%

Housing

• Median home value: $195,100 (36%